Monthly time series of spatially enhanced relative humidity for Europe at 30 arc seconds resolution (2000 - 2023) derived from ERA5-Land data

Overview:

ERA5-Land is a reanalysis dataset providing a consistent view of the evolution of land variables over several decades at an enhanced resolution compared to ERA5. ERA5-Land has been produced by replaying the land component of the ECMWF ERA5 climate reanalysis. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using the laws of physics. Reanalysis produces data that goes several decades back in time, providing an accurate description of the climate of the past.



Processing steps:

The original hourly ERA5-Land air temperature 2 m above ground and dewpoint temperature 2 m data has been spatially enhanced from 0.1 degree to 30 arc seconds (approx. 1000 m) spatial resolution by image fusion with CHELSA data (V1.2) ( https://chelsa-climate.org/). For each day we used the corresponding monthly long-term average of CHELSA. The aim was to use the fine spatial detail of CHELSA and at the same time preserve the general regional pattern and fine temporal detail of ERA5-Land. The steps included aggregation and enhancement, specifically:

1. spatially aggregate CHELSA to the resolution of ERA5-Land

2. calculate difference of ERA5-Land - aggregated CHELSA

3. interpolate differences with a Gaussian filter to 30 arc seconds.

4. add the interpolated differences to CHELSA



Subsequently, the temperature time series have been aggregated on a daily basis. From these, daily relative humidity has been calculated for the time period 01/2000 - 12/2023.



Relative humidity (rh2m) has been calculated from air temperature 2 m above ground (Ta) and dewpoint temperature 2 m above ground (Td) using the formula for saturated water pressure from Wright (1997):



maximum water pressure = 611.21 * exp(17.502 * Ta / (240.97 + Ta))



actual water pressure = 611.21 * exp(17.502 * Td / (240.97 + Td))



relative humidity = actual water pressure / maximum water pressure



The resulting relative humidity has been aggregated to monthly averages.



Resultant values have been converted to represent percent * 10, thus covering a theoretical range of [0, 1000].



File naming scheme (YYYY = year; MM = month):

ERA5_land_rh2m_avg_monthly_YYYY_MM.tif



Projection + EPSG code:

Latitude-Longitude/WGS84 (EPSG: 4326)



Spatial extent:

north: 82:00:30N

south: 18N

west: 32:00:30W

east: 70E



Spatial resolution:

30 arc seconds (approx. 1000 m)



Temporal resolution:

Monthly



Pixel values:

Percent * 10 (scaled to Integer; example: value 738 = 73.8 %)



Software used:

GDAL 3.2.2 and GRASS GIS 8.0.0/8.3.2

Original ERA5-Land dataset license:

https://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/licences/copernicus/



CHELSA climatologies (V1.2):

Data used: Karger D.N., Conrad, O., Böhner, J., Kawohl, T., Kreft, H., Soria-Auza, R.W., Zimmermann, N.E, Linder, H.P., Kessler, M. (2018): Data from: Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas. Dryad digital repository. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.5061/dryad.kd1d4

Original peer-reviewed publication: Karger, D.N., Conrad, O., Böhner, J., Kawohl, T., Kreft, H., Soria-Auza, R.W., Zimmermann, N.E., Linder, P., Kessler, M. (2017): Climatologies at high resolution for the Earth land surface areas. Scientific Data. 4 170122. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.122



Processed by:

mundialis GmbH & Co. KG, Germany ( https://www.mundialis.de/)



Reference: Wright, J.M. (1997): Federal meteorological handbook no. 3 (FCM-H3-1997). Office of Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. Washington, DC



Data is also available in EU LAEA (EPSG: 3035) projection: https://data.mundialis.de/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/ab06ed25-84af-43c9-b1c3-57e3b6ad8d29



Acknowledgements: This study was partially funded by EU grant 874850 MOOD. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and don't necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission.

Simple

Date (Publication)
2024-07-11
Edition

1.2.0
Citation identifier
dataset
Status
On going
Point of contact
Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role

mundialis GmbH & Co. KG

Markus Metz

info@mundialis.de

Point of contact
Maintenance and update frequency
As needed
Theme

  • relative humidity

  • geospatial analysis

  • environment

  • meteorology

  • ERA5-Land

  • CHELSA
Place

  • Europe

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

  • Atmospheric conditions

  • Meteorological geographical features
Theme

  • MOOD-H2020

  • Tularaemia

  • Lyme

  • TBE

  • WNV

  • USUTU

  • Mosquito borne Flaviviruses
Use limitation

None
Access constraints
Other restrictions
Other constraints
no limitations to public access
Access constraints
Other restrictions
Use constraints
License
Other constraints

Creative Commons Namensnennung – 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Other constraints

{ "id": "cc-by/4.0", "name": "Creative Commons Namensnennung – 4.0 Internationa", "url": " http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "quelle": "Source: mundialis GmbH & Co. KG" }

Aggregate Datasetindentifier
eb4a552e-6782-415f-81ea-89ea1a584635
Association Type
Cross reference
Aggregate Datasetindentifier
782cdbf5-bfda-4813-a5d7-336ebbc241bb
Association Type
Cross reference
Spatial representation type
Grid
Distance
30  arc-seconds
Language
English
Character set
UTF8
Topic category
  • Geoscientific information
  • Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
Description

Europe
Begin date
2000-01-01
End date
2023-12-31
N
S
E
W
thumbnail




Unique resource identifier
EPSG:4326
Distribution format
Name Version

GeoTIFF

Digital transfer options

OnLine resource
Protocol Linkage Name

WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download

 		https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6146383
Hierarchy level
Dataset

Conformance result

Title

COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

Date (Publication)
2010-12-08
Other citation details

http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2010/1089/2014-12-31

Explanation

See specified reference
Pass
Yes
Statement

derived from ERA5-Land reanalysis data, spatially enhanced by image fusion with CHELSA data

Metadata

File identifier
b9ce7dba-4130-428d-96f0-9089d8b9f4a5 XML
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
Hierarchy level
Dataset
Date stamp
2024-07-11T06:54:02
Metadata standard name

ISO 19115:2003/19139
Metadata standard version

1.0
Metadata author
Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role

mundialis GmbH & Co. KG

info@mundialis.de

Point of contact
 
 

Overviews

overview

Spatial extent

thumbnail

Keywords

CHELSA ERA5-Land Lyme MOOD-H2020 Mosquito borne Flaviviruses TBE Tularaemia USUTU WNV environment geospatial analysis meteorology relative humidity
GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

Atmospheric conditions Meteorological geographical features


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